Ama-bearings wemishini eyimishini ayizingxenye ezisengozini, futhi ukuthi isimo sazo sokusebenza sisihle sithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwawo wonke amathuluzi.Emishinini kasimende nemishini, kunezimo eziningi zokungaphumeleli kwemishini okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kokugingqa.Ngakho-ke, ukuthola imbangela yephutha, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa, nokuqeda iphutha kungenye yezihluthulelo zokuthuthukisa izinga lokusebenza kwesistimu.

1 Ukuhlaziywa kwephutha kwama-bearings aginqikayo

1.1 Ukuhlaziywa kokudlidliza kwe-rolling bear

Indlela evamile yokuhluleka kwama-bearings ukugoqa ukukhathala okulula koxhumana nabo abagoqayo.{TodayHot} Lolu hlobo lokuxebuka, indawo ecwecwayo icishe ibe ngu-2mm2, futhi ukujula kungu-0.2mm~0.3mm, okungahlulelwa ngokuthola ukudlidliza kwemonitha.I-Spalling ingenzeka endaweni yomjaho wangaphakathi, umjaho wangaphandle noma izakhi eziginqikayo.Phakathi kwabo, umjaho wangaphakathi uvame ukuphulwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuxhumana.

Phakathi kwamasu ahlukahlukene okuxilonga asetshenziselwa ukugoqa ama-bearings, indlela yokuqapha i-vibration monitor iseyiyona ebaluleke kakhulu.Ngokuvamile, indlela yokuhlaziya isizinda sesikhathi ilula uma kuqhathaniswa, ilungele izikhathi lapho kungekho msindo ophazamisayo, futhi iyindlela enhle yokuxilongwa okulula;phakathi kwezindlela zokuxilongwa kwesizinda se-frequency, indlela ye-resonance demodulation iyona evuthiwe kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa, futhi ifaneleka ukuxilongwa okunembile kwamaphutha okuzala;isikhathi- Indlela yokuhlaziya imvamisa ifana nendlela ye-resonance demodulation, futhi ingabonakalisa kahle izici zesikhathi nemvamisa yesignali yephutha, enenzuzo kakhulu.

1.2 Ukuhlaziywa kohlobo lomonakalo wama-bearings agingqikayo kanye namakhambi

(1) Ukugcwala.I-spalling eqinile ebusweni nokuguga, okubonisa ukwehluleka kwama-bearings agingqikayo ngenxa yokukhathala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okubangelwa ukugcwala (ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulingana okuqinile kuzophinde kubangele izinga elithile lokukhathala).Ukulayisha ngokweqile kungase kubangele ukuguga okunamandla komjaho webhola elithwele, ukuchitheka okubanzi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukushisa ngokweqile.Ikhambi ukunciphisa umthwalo ekuthwaleni noma ukwandisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo.

(2) Ukushisa ngokweqile.Ukushintsha kombala emigwaqweni yomjaho yama-roller, amabhola, noma ikheji kubonisa ukuthi ukuthwala kushise ngokweqile.Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kuzonciphisa umphumela we-lubricant, ukuze ugwadule lwamafutha akulula ukwenza noma ukunyamalala ngokuphelele.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, impahla yomjaho kanye nebhola lensimbi izokhishwa, futhi ubulukhuni buzokwehla.Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuchithwa kokushisa okungalungile noma ukupholisa okunganele ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo kanye nesivinini esikhulu.Isixazululo ukuqeda ukushisa ngokugcwele bese wengeza ukupholisa okwengeziwe.

(3) Ukuguguleka kokudlidliza komthwalo ophansi.Izimpawu zokugqokwa kwe-Elliptical zivele endaweni ye-axial yebhola lensimbi ngalinye, okwakubonisa ukwehluleka okubangelwa ukudlidliza kwangaphandle okudlulele noma ukuxoxa ngomthwalo ophansi lapho i-akhiwo ingasebenzi futhi kungekho filimu kawoyela wokugcoba elakhiqizwa.Ikhambi ukuhlukanisa i-bearing kusuka ku-vibration noma ukwengeza izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqoka kugrisi ye-bearing, njll.

(4) Izinkinga zokufaka.Ikakhulukazi naka izici ezilandelayo:

Okokuqala, qaphela amandla okufaka.Ukuhlehlisa okunezikhala kumzila womjaho kubonisa ukuthi umthwalo weqe umkhawulo wokunwebeka wento.Lokhu kubangelwa ukugcwala okumile noma umthelela onzima (njengokushaya ibhereli ngesando ngesikhathi sokufakwa, njll.).Indlela yokufaka efanele iwukusebenzisa amandla eringini kuphela ezocindezelwa (ungaphushi iringi yangaphandle lapho ufaka iringi yangaphakathi ku-shaft).

Okwesibili, naka isiqondiso sokufakwa kwama-angular contact bearings.Ama-angular contact bearings anendawo yokuxhumana eyi-elliptical futhi ibhere i-axial thrust ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.Uma ukuthwala kuhlanganiswe ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokuthi ibhola lensimbi lisemaphethelweni omgwaqo womjaho, kuzokwenziwa indawo yokugqoka emise okwe-groove endaweni elayishiwe.Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe isiqondiso esifanele sokufaka ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

Okwesithathu, qaphela ukuqondanisa.Izimpawu zokugqoka zamabhola ensimbi ziyasonteka futhi azihambisani nendlela yomjaho, okubonisa ukuthi ukuthwala akugxilile phakathi nokufakwa.Uma ukuchezuka kungu->16000, kuzokwenza kalula ukuthi izinga lokushisa le-bearing likhuphuke futhi kubangele ukuguga okukhulu.Isizathu singase sibe ukuthi i-shaft igobile, i-shaft noma ibhokisi linama-burrs, indawo yokucindezela ye-lock nut ayiyona i-perpendicular ku-axis yentambo, njll. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze uhlole ukuphuma kwe-radial ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

Okwesine, kufanele kuqashelwe ukusebenzisana okufanele.Ukuguga okuyisiyingi noma ukuguquguquka kombala endaweni yokuthintana yeringi yangaphakathi nangaphandle yebheringi kubangelwa ukuxega okuxekethile phakathi kwebheriyo nezingxenye zayo ezifanayo.I-oxide ekhiqizwa i-abrasion iyi-abrasive ehlanzekile ensundu, okuzobangela uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezifana nokuguga okuqhubekayo kokuthwala, isizukulwane sokushisa, umsindo nokuphuma kwe-radial, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ukulingana okulungile ngesikhathi somhlangano.

Esinye isibonelo ukuthi kune-spherical wear track ebucayi ezansi komjaho, okukhombisa ukuthi imvume yokuthwala iba yincane ngenxa yokuqina, futhi i-bearing ihluleka ngokushesha ngenxa yokuguga nokukhathala ngenxa yokwanda kwe-torque nokukhuphuka. ekuthwaleni izinga lokushisa.Ngalesi sikhathi, uma nje imvume ye-radial ibuyiselwe kahle futhi ukuphazamiseka kuncishisiwe, le nkinga ingaxazululwa.

(5) Ukwehluleka okujwayelekile kokukhathala.Ukuchitheka kwempahla okungajwayelekile kwenzeka kunoma iyiphi indawo egijimayo (efana nomgwaqo womjaho noma ibhola lensimbi), futhi kancane kancane inwebe ukuze kubangele ukwanda kwe-amplitude, okuwukwehluleka okuvamile kokukhathala.Uma impilo yama-bearings ajwayelekile ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa, kungenzeka kuphela ukukhetha kabusha ama-bearings asezingeni eliphezulu noma ukwandisa ukucaciswa kwama-bearings ekilasi lokuqala ukwandisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wama-bearings.

(6) Ukugcotshwa okungafanele.Wonke ama-ringing bearings adinga ukugcotshwa okungaphazamiseki ngamafutha ekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwawo okuklanyiwe.Ukuthwala kuncike kwifilimu kawoyela eyenziwe ezintweni eziginqikayo kanye nezinhlanga ukuvimbela ukuthintana okuqondile kwensimbi kuya kwensimbi.Uma kugcotshiswe kahle, ukungqubuzana kungancishiswa ukuze kungagugi.

Lapho i-bearing isebenza, i-viscosity yamafutha noma amafutha okugcoba iyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukugcotshwa kwawo okuvamile;ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile futhi ukugcina amafutha okugcoba ehlanzekile futhi engenakho ukungcola okuqinile noma okuwuketshezi.I-viscosity yamafutha iphansi kakhulu ukuze igcobe ngokugcwele, ukuze indandatho yesihlalo iguge ngokushesha.Ekuqaleni, insimbi yeringi yesihlalo kanye nengxenye yensimbi yomzimba oginqikayo ithintana ngokuqondile futhi ihlikihlane, okwenza ubuso bushelelezi kakhulu?Khona-ke kwenzeka ukungqubuzana okomile?Ingaphezulu lendandatho yesihlalo lichotshozwa yizinhlayiya ezichotshoziwe ebusweni bomzimba ogoqayo.Ingaphezulu lingabonwa ekuqaleni njengento efiphele, engcolile, ekugcineni ibe nokugoba nokubhakuzisa ngenxa yokukhathala.Ikhambi ukukhetha kabusha bese ushintsha uwoyela wokugcoba noma ugcobe ngokwezidingo ze-bearing.

Lapho izinhlayiya ezingcolile zingcolisa uwoyela wokugcoba noma amafutha, ngisho noma lezi zinhlayiya ezingcolile zincane kunobukhulu obuphakathi befilimu kawoyela, izinhlayiya eziqinile zisazobangela ukuguga futhi zingene ngisho nefilimu kawoyela, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kwendawo endaweni yokuthwala, ngaleyo ndlela ngokuphawulekayo. ukunciphisa ukuphila kokuzala .Ngisho noma ukuhlushwa kwamanzi emafutheni okugcoba noma amafutha kuncane njengo-0.01%, kwanele ukufinyeza uhhafu wempilo yokuqala yokuthwala.Uma amanzi encibilika emafutheni noma kugrisi, impilo yesevisi ye-bearing izokwehla njengoba ukugxila kwamanzi kwanda.Ikhambi liyakuba esikhundleni samafutha angcolile namafutha;izihlungi ezingcono kufanele zifakwe ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, ukubekwa uphawu kufanele kwengezwe, futhi imisebenzi yokuhlanza kufanele inakwe ngesikhathi sokugcina nokufakwa.

(7) Ukugqwala.Amabala abomvu noma ansundu emigwaqweni yomjaho, amabhola ensimbi, amakheji, nezindawo zamaringi zangaphakathi nezingaphandle zamaringi zibonisa ukwehluleka ukugqwala kwebheringi ngenxa yokuchayeka oketshezini olubolayo noma amagesi.Kubangela ukudlidliza okwenyukayo, ukuguga okukhulayo, ukukhuphuka kwe-radial clearance, ukunciphisa ukulayisha kuqala futhi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukwehluleka ukukhathala.Ikhambi ukukhipha uketshezi ku- bearing noma ukwandisa uphawu oluphelele nolungaphandle lwe- bear.

2 Izimbangela nezindlela zokwelashwa zokwehluleka ukuthwala abalandeli

Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, izinga lokuhluleka kokudlidliza okungavamile kwamafeni ezitshalweni zikasimende liphezulu kakhulu lifinyelela ku-58.6%.Ukudlidliza kuzobangela ukuthi ifeni isebenze ngokungalingani.Phakathi kwazo, ukulungiswa okungalungile komkhono we-adaptha othwala kuzobangela ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okungavamile nokudlidliza kokuthwala.

Isibonelo, imboni kasimende yashintsha ama-fan blades ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwemishini.Izinhlangothi ezimbili ze-vane zifaniswa ngokuqinile namabheringi esihlalo esiphethe ngomkhono we-adaptha.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kabusha, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-bearing yamahhala kanye nephutha levelu yokudlidliza ephezulu yenzekile.

Hlukanisa ikhava engaphezulu yesihlalo esinesihlalo bese uphendulela ifeni mathupha ngesivinini esincane.Kutholakala ukuthi ama-roller athwalayo endaweni ethile ye-shaft ejikelezayo aphinde agibele endaweni engalayishiwe.Kulokhu, kunganqunywa ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwe-bearing running clearance kuphezulu futhi imvume yokufaka ingase inganele.Ngokwesilinganiso, imvume yangaphakathi ye-bearing ingu-0.04mm kuphela, futhi i-eccentricity ye-shaft ejikelezayo ifinyelela ku-0.18mm.

Ngenxa yesikhathi esikhulu samabheringi angakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla, kunzima ukugwema ukuphambuka kwe-shaft ejikelezayo noma amaphutha ku-angle yokufaka yama-bearings.Ngakho-ke, abalandeli abakhulu basebenzisa ama-roller bearings angama-spherical angakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhungo.Kodwa-ke, lapho imvume yangaphakathi ye-bearing inganele, izingxenye zangaphakathi zokugoqa ze-bearing zikhawulelwe yisikhala sokunyakaza, futhi umsebenzi wawo wokumisa othomathikhi uyathinteka, futhi inani lokudlidliza lizokhula esikhundleni.Ukucaciswa kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing kunciphisa ngokunyuka kokuqina okufanelekile, futhi ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba ayikwazi ukwakhiwa.Lapho i-bearing running clearance yehliselwa ku-zero ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa, uma ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukuthwala kusekukhulu kunokushisa okuchithiwe, izinga lokushisa elithwalayo lizokwehla Khuphuka ngokushesha.Ngalesi sikhathi, uma umshini ungamiswa ngokushesha, ukuthwala kuzogcina kushile.Ukulingana okuqinile phakathi kwendandatho yangaphakathi ye-bearing kanye ne-shaft kuyimbangela yokushisa okungavamile kokuthwala kulokhu.

Lapho ucubungula, susa umkhono we-adaptha, lungisa ukuqina kokufaneleka phakathi kwe-shaft neringi yangaphakathi, futhi uthathe u-0.10mm ngegebe ngemva kokufaka i-bhering.Ngemva kokufaka kabusha, qalisa kabusha ifeni, futhi inani lokudlidliza lebheringi nezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo libuyela kokujwayelekile.

Ukucaciswa okuncane kakhulu kwangaphakathi kwe-bearing noma ukuklama okungalungile kanye nokunemba kokukhiqiza kwezingxenye yizizathu eziyinhloko zokushisa okuphezulu kokusebenza kwe-bearing.Ukuzala kwezindlu.Kodwa-ke, kuphinde kube nezinkinga ngenxa yokunganaki kwenqubo yokufaka, ikakhulukazi ukulungiswa kwemvume efanele.Ukuvunyelwa kwangaphakathi kokuthwala kuncane kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusebenza likhuphuka ngokushesha;imbobo ye-taper yendandatho yangaphakathi ye-bearing kanye nomkhono we-adaptha kuhambelana kakhulu ngokukhululekile, futhi ukuthwala kujwayele ukwehluleka nokuvutha ngesikhathi esifushane ngenxa yokuxegiswa kwendawo yokukhwelana.

3 Isiphetho

Ukufingqa, ukwehluleka kwama-bearings kufanele kunakwe ekwakhiweni, ekugcinweni, ekuphathweni kokugcotshwa, ekusebenzeni nasekusetshenzisweni.Ngale ndlela, izindleko zokulungisa imishini zingancishiswa, futhi izinga lokusebenza nempilo yesevisi yemishini yemishini inganwetshwa.