Izinto ezithwalayo ezigoqayo zihlanganisa izinto zokugoqa izingxenye ezithwalayo namakheji, ama-rivets nezinye izinto ezisizayo.

Ama-rolling bearings kanye nezingxenye zawo ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi.Izinsimbi ezigingqayo ngokuvamile ziyinsimbi ephezulu ye-carbon chromium kanye nensimbi eshisiwe.Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yesimanje kanye nobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa okwandayo kwama-rolling bearings, izidingo zama-bearings ziya ngokuya zikhuphuka, njengokunemba okuphezulu, impilo ende kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.Kwamanye ama-bearings anenhloso ekhethekile, izinto ezithwalayo nazo ziyadingeka ukuthi zibe nezakhiwo zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, okungewona uzibuthe, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, kanye nokumelana nemisebe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zokuthwala nazo zihlanganisa izinto ze-alloy, izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bearings enziwe ngezinto zobumba manje asetshenziswa ezitimeleni, ezimotweni, emigwaqweni engaphansi komhlaba, ezokundiza, i-aerospace, amakhemikhali neminye imikhakha.

Izidingo eziyisisekelo zama-rolling bearings wezinto zokwakha zincike kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokusebenza kwe-bearing.Ukuthi ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha ama-rolling bearings kufanelekile kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo nasekuphileni kwayo.Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwama-bearings aginqikayo ukukhathala ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushintshana kwengcindezi, nokulahlekelwa ukunemba kwe-bearings ngenxa yokungqubuzana nokuguga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nemifantu, ama-indentations, ukugqwala nezinye izizathu ezibangela ukulimala okungavamile ekuthwaleni.Ngakho-ke, ama-rolling bearings kufanele abe nokumelana okuphezulu nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki, ukungqubuzana nokuguga okuncane, ukunemba okuhle kokujikeleza, ukunemba okuhle kobukhulu nokuzinza, nokuphila kokukhathala okude kokuxhumana.Futhi eziningi zezakhiwo zinqunywa ngezinto zokwakha kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa.

Njengoba izidingo eziyisisekelo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokugoqa zinqunywa uhlobo lokulimala kwama-bearings, izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ama-rolling bearings kufanele zibe nalezi zinto ezilandelayo ngemuva kokwelashwa okuthile kokushisa enqubweni elandelayo:

A High contact amandla ukukhathala

Ukwehluleka kokukhathala othintana naye kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwehluleka ukuthwala okujwayelekile.Lapho i-rolling bearing isebenza, izakhi ezigingqayo ziginqa phakathi kwemigwaqo yomjaho wamasongo angaphakathi nangaphandle eringi, futhi ingxenye yokuxhumana ithwala imithwalo eshintshanayo ngezikhathi ezithile, engafinyelela izikhathi ezingamakhulu ezinkulungwane ngomzuzu.Ngaphansi kwesenzo esiphindaphindiwe sokushintshana kwengcindezi ngezikhathi ezithile, indawo yokuxhumana Ukukhathala kuyaxebuka.Lapho i-rolling bear iqala ukuxebuka, izobangela ukudlidliza okuthwalayo nokwanda komsindo, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lizokhuphuka kakhulu, libangele ukuthwala konakaliswe.Lolu hlobo lomonakalo lubizwa ngokuthi i-contact fatigue damage.Ngakho-ke, insimbi yokugoqa ama-bearings iyadingeka ukuze ibe namandla okukhathala okukhulu.

b Ukumelana nokuhuzuka okuphezulu

Lapho i-rolling bear isebenza ngokujwayelekile, ngaphezu kokungqubuzana okugoqayo, ibuye ihambisane nokuslayida.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zokungqubuzana kokuslayida yilezi: indawo yokuthintana phakathi kwento eginqikayo kanye nomzila womjaho, indawo yokuthintana phakathi kwento eginqikayo nephakethe lekheji, phakathi kwekheji nombambo womhlahlandlela wendandatho, kanye nendawo yokuphela kwerola kanye nendandatho ethi Linda. phakathi kwezindonga eziseceleni.Ukuba khona kokuslayida kwama-bearings aginqikayo kubangela ukuguga kwezingxenye ezithwele.Uma ukumelana nokugqoka kwensimbi ethwalayo kungalungile, i-rolling bear izolahlekelwa ukunemba kwayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokugqoka noma ukunciphisa ukunemba kokujikeleza, okuzokwandisa ukudlidliza kwe-bearing futhi kunciphise ukuphila kwayo.Ngakho-ke, insimbi yokuthwala iyadingeka ukuze ibe nokumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu.

c umkhawulo wokunwebeka okuphezulu

Lapho i-rolling bearing isebenza, ngoba indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwesici sokugoqa kanye nomjaho wendandatho incane, ukucindezela kokuxhumana kwendawo yokuxhumana kukhulu kakhulu lapho ukuthwala kungaphansi komthwalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwesimo somthwalo omkhulu.Ukuze uvimbele ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki ngokweqile ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuxhumana, ukulahlekelwa ukunemba kokuthwala noma ukuqhekeka kwendawo, insimbi ethwala iyadingeka ukuze ibe nomkhawulo ophezulu wokunwebeka.

d Ubulukhuni obufanele

Ukuqina kungenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokugingqa.Inobudlelwane obuseduze namandla okukhathala othintana naye, ukumelana nokugqoka, kanye nomkhawulo wokunwebeka, futhi kuthinta ngqo impilo yama-bearings agingqikayo.Ukuqina kokuthwala kuvame ukunqunywa isimo sonke semodi yomthwalo wokuthwala nosayizi, usayizi wokuthwala nokuqina kodonga.Ukuqina kwensimbi yokugoqa kufanele kube okufanelekile, kukhulu kakhulu noma kuncane kakhulu kuzothinta impilo yesevisi yokuthwala.Njengoba sonke sazi, izindlela eziyinhloko zokuhluleka kwama-bearings aginqikayo ziwukulimala kokukhathala kokuxhumana nokulahlekelwa ukunemba kokuthwala ngenxa yokungagugi kahle noma ukungazinzi kobukhulu;uma izingxenye ezithwalayo zingenalo izinga elithile lokuqina, zizobangelwa ukuphuka okuphukayo lapho zingaphansi kwemithwalo emikhulu yomthelela.Ukubhujiswa kwe-bearing.Ngakho-ke, ubulukhuni bokuthwala kufanele bunqunywe ngokusho kwesimo esithile sokuthwala kanye nendlela yokulimala.Ukuze ulahlekelwe ukunemba kokuthwala ngenxa yokukhathala kokukhathala noma ukumelana nokugqoka okungalungile, ubulukhuni obuphakeme kufanele bukhethwe izingxenye ezithwalayo;kuma-bearings angaphansi kwemithwalo emikhulu yomthelela (njengezigayo eziginqikayo: ama-bearings, ama-bearings kaloliwe kanye namanye ama-auto bearing, njll.), kufanele ancishiswe ngokufanelekile Ukuqina kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kokuthwala.

e ukuqina komthelela othile

Ama-rolling bearings amaningi azobhekana nomthwalo othile womthelela ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke insimbi ethwalayo iyadingeka ukuthi ibe nezinga elithile lokuqina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuthwala akulinyazwa ngenxa yomthelela.Kumabheringi amelana nemithwalo emikhulu, njengamabheringi esigayo, amabheringi kaloliwe, njll., izinto zokwakha ziyadingeka ukuze zibe nokuqina komthelela ophezulu kanye nokuqina kokuphuka.Amanye alawa ma-bearings asebenzisa inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ecisha i-bainite, kanti amanye asebenzisa izinto zensimbi ezenziwe nge-carburized.Qinisekisa ukuthi lawa ma-bearings anokumelana nomthelela ongcono kanye nokuqina.

f Ukuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional

Ama-rolling bearings ayizingxenye zemishini ezinembayo, futhi ukunemba kwawo kubalwa ngama-micrometer.Enqubweni yokugcinwa nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, izinguquko enhlanganweni yangaphakathi noma izinguquko ekucindezelekeni zizokwenza usayizi wokuthwala ushintshe, okubangele ukulahlekelwa ukunemba.Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwe-dimensional ye-bearing, insimbi yokuthwala kufanele ibe nokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional.

g Ukusebenza kahle kwe-anti-rust

Ama-rolling bearings anezinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza kanye nomjikelezo omude wokukhiqiza.Ezinye izingxenye eziqedwe kancane noma eziqediwe zidinga ukugcinwa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa.Ngakho-ke, izingxenye ezithwalayo zithambekele ezingeni elithile lokugqwala ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza noma ekugcinweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe.Isemoyeni oswakeme.Ngakho-ke, insimbi ethwala iyadingeka ukuze ibe nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.

h Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza yama-rolling bearings, izingxenye zayo kufanele zihambe ngezinqubo eziningi zokucubungula ezibandayo nezishisayo.Lokhu kudinga ukuthi insimbi ethwalayo kufanele ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle zenqubo, ezifana nezakhiwo ezibandayo nezishisayo zokwakha, ukusika, ukusebenza kokugaya kanye nokusebenza kokushisa ukushisa, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-rolling bearing mass, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu. .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuma-bearings asetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile zokusebenza, ngaphezu kwezidingo eziyisisekelo ezishiwo ngenhla, izidingo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezihambisanayo kufanele zibekwe phambili ngensimbi esetshenzisiwe, njengokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukusebenza kwejubane eliphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokusebenza kwe-antimagnetic.